Nursing shortage Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Nursing shortage - Research Paper Example Nurses are needed in the care for individuals in hospitals as well as the general population of the world because of their unique ability not only to save the lives of their patients, but also for improving their outcomes. When one considers the current situation, it can be said that the public misunderstanding of exactly what nurses do has mainly caused the shortage. In most cases, the public holds take the duties that nurses perform for granted, giving more importance to doctors than to nurses. This has given rise to the notion that the nursing profession is not important, therefore influencing the decision of many people who would have gone into the profession to choose other professions which are deemed to be more important. The shortage can be said to be caused by three main factors which include poor working conditions, limited funding available for research, and finally, the short staffing in hospitals. The nursing profession has been taken for granted for a long time and it i s only recently that its importance has come to be recognized as a shortage has developed. This shortage in the number of nurses in hospitals has created a situation where there is understaffing meaning that the available nurses have to work long hours (Mee and Robinson, 2003). These long hours has a tendency of taking a toll on the physical and mental wellbeing of the nurses involved and may lead to a reduction in their performance levels. This reduction in their performance means that the wellbeing of their patients is placed in jeopardy since some of them may require more attention from the nurses in order to make a quick recovery. A nursing shortage, therefore, creates a situation where patients are not provided with the best healthcare available and this is mainly due to the low nurse to patient ratio that the shortage creates. If this shortage is not countered with efficient policies, then it will most likely end up costing the health systems of many countries dear. This is be cause of the fact that without nurses, there will be a low patient outcome since the patients will not be receiving the care they need to recover effectively. Furthermore, as the aging population continues to increase and the demand for nurses also increases, there is the possibility that the mortality rate of the human population will be quite high in the coming years (â€Å"Critical care medicine†, 2002). The nursing shortage has dire implications on the future of the nursing profession and among these is the possibility that in future, there may be a shortage of teachers to teach the new generation of nurses. This is mainly because the number of experience nurses available to guide the younger generation of nurses into the profession will be extremely low. This will create a situation where it will be impossible for nurses to work effectively most of their action will be done through trial and error, ensuring that the patient outcome remains low. The future of this profess ion is quite bleak because it has for a long time been associated to women, who in the modern times have a wide range of career option open to them. This means that the idea of nursing as the premier professional option for women is fast fading away. It is therefore prudent for healthcare policymakers to make the profession more attractive to the younger generation through improving the working conditions, providing enough

Critical reading response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Critical reading response - Essay Example He offers three possible solutions for these issues. He states that mandatory attendance should be abolished and replaced with policies allowing kids to attend classes only when they want to. He also suggests removing children from schools, declaring them to be prisons where learning is limited. Additionally, he views that abolishing the curriculum is also a possible solution because people merely remember what they believe is interesting and useful to them. In order to assess the veracity or, at least, appropriateness of Holt’s claims, the major points of his article will be analyzed. First, Holt states that learning is inherent in every human, and that babies learn the basics of living and survival from the day they are born. Without any formal instruction, kids learn to communicate and interact with people around them. They learn through discovery, association, application, and mistakes (Holt, â€Å"School is Bad for Children†). This is a very strong point. Yes we sh ould acknowledge that school provides specialized information of some subject matters, but it does not mean that learning the same is impossible outside school. To prove this, one can simply look at the greatest minds in man’s history like Albert Einstein, Blaise Pascal, Pierre Curie, the Wright brothers, Thomas Alva Edison, and Alexander Graham Bell. These great minds did not acquire their knowledge from traditional schools because they were all home-schooled (McKee 16). Therefore, with the undeniable inherent ability of man to learn coupled with proven achievements of those that never went to school, it is easy to agree with Holt on this matter. Another statement made by Holt is that school environment encourages passive learning, thereby decreasing the utilization of man’s inherent ability to learn through active discovery, association, application, and mistakes. It also encourages the thinking that to be wrong is a crime, and to be right is the only acceptable thin g. In school, students are dictated by the experts on what is important, what they need, and what they should do. Technically, everything is spoon-fed (Holt, â€Å"School is Bad for Children†). Holt is not exaggerating when he states school teaches kids to do something only if they are forced, bribed, or deceived, since school rewards excellence and correctness. Despite the idea that teachers encourage children to analyze and ask, at the end of the day, they still follow a pre-set standard of what is correct and incorrect. Knowing the correct and universally accepted answer is the only way to pass, and passing is the only way to move forward. These standards place children in categories --- stupid, average, or brilliant (McKee 21). Moreover, it gives a false idea that learning and living are separate things that cannot merge together. The live outside the school, and learn inside with the experts. It reinforces the belief that children cannot be trusted to learn on their own --- they need experts to tell them what they should know to be considered knowledgeable and learned (Holt, â€Å"School is Bad for Children†). Holt again presents unquestionably strong arguments on this matter. Everyone who experienced school can relate to a great chunk of Holt’s standpoints. Another controversial statement is Holt’s declaration that schools shut kids’ brains and lead them to vices, particularly drugs. Several people may react negatively

Property management and administration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Property management and administration - Essay Example The construction industry plays a vital role in the UK economy and delivers around 10 per cent of the nation's gross domestic product. Research and development in construction industry is equally fragmented across a large number of areas. The construction industry has historically been conservative and risk averse, primarily due to the dictates of legislation, codes and standards and a culture of claims and litigation. Most constructions have to be designed within the restrictions of building codes, which reduces the scope for innovation. However, it is recognized that conventional thinking is inadequate in the face of today's pressing globalization and environmental challenges. There is a need for better innovation in terms of integration between design and materials; this can lead to opportunities for identifying such things as modern methods of construction and de-construction, compatibility of materials, structural health monitoring, improved joining methods, and an integrated ap proach to design. This study mainly deals with the preliminary specification clauses, specification clauses for the brickwork, appropriate building contract, appropriate procedures for ordering, storage, use of materials and plant on site and also the communication as the most important aspect of control of a construction site.1) Specification clauses are defined as those clauses that help us to understand the ways in which the contractor meets the requirements of good practice. It helps in identifying how the best practices are used efficiently and also helps in identifying the way in which the ICE demolition protocol is developed. This is the protocol that is developed to support the implementation of efficient resource methods that are used for the demolition. The relation between the new build and the demolition is considered as poor in terms of the efficiency of the resources. Developing a best practices approach means consideration of resource efficiency for both demolition an d new build construction. Some of the most important clauses that are included in the construction of the building are provided by the National Green Specification website. The speculation clauses developed are compatible with the National Building Specifications. The National Building Specification is a large library of specification clauses, all of which are optional and many are direct alternatives and some require insertion of additional information. The range of specification clauses offered is wide and care must be taken to include only those which are required for the particular project. The speculation clause of building contracts in relation with trade work sections are as follows: Demolition preliminaries: Here the plans implemented to develop the demolition protocol are converted into construction contracts. "Section A60: NGS GreenSpec A60 Demolition/Deconstruction & Resource Recovery." (Specification clauses 2007). Demolition specification: Here it is ensured whether the speculated clauses are compatible with the National Building Specifications and is related with the trade work."C20 Demolition: NGS GreenSpec C20 Demolition/Deconstruction Resource Recovery." (Specification clauses 2007). Refurbishment and alteration specifications: NGS GreenSpec C91 Alteration - Here the concentration is on whether the used materials can be reused efficiently and effectively for the construction purpose. So the focus is made on recycling the used material and efficiently disposing the materials that cannot be used again "Construction (and Demolition) Waste Minimization/Management Preliminaries: NGS GreenSpec A38 Construction Waste Minimization/Managementwhich is complimentary with C20 & C91 trade specifications." (Specification clauses 2007). Use of Recycled materials and Recycled Construction Products: Clauses have been developed for

Usefulness of the annual report for investment decision making Essay

Usefulness of the annual report for investment decision making purposes - Essay Example Certain investors have gained knowledge in accountancy and they use the figures provided in annual reports before coming up with an investment decision. Others use information that is related to organization’s financial conditions and does not contain figures but only facts to make investment decisions. Annual reports and their structures have changed over time to facilitate both kinds of investors. Now annual reports contain information about profit and loss, cash flows and overview of the finances of organizations. The length of these reports has increased as the required number of details has grown. Annual reports contain statements provided by management (Bartlett 1997). All these kinds of information were not previously a part of annual reports. Investment decisions are not only based on analysis provided by management and directors of an organization; the profit and loss information provided through annual reports is superior while making investment decisions. These statements are highly important for those who are literate in accountancy. Individuals having literacy in accountancy are investment analysts who provide information to investors on how well a company has performed and how well it will perform in future, and through this analysis, investors make their investment de cisions. ... is characteristic of annual reports increased the uncertainty amongst investment decision makers because they had no idea how organizations would perform in future and what initiatives the organization would take to make the company operate successfully in future years. Due to lack of information about future activities, investment decision makers used to be dependant on old data and their confidence in their investment decision used to lack confidence in success. This led to the introduction of management’s statements within annual reports. In these statements management provides insights into what future steps the management is going to take to make the company successful in future. This information helped investors and investment decision makers make investments on the basis of future operations, and these investment decisions lacked uncertainty. For example, during 1996, a study conducted by Abrahamson and Amir (1996) proved that annual reports containing the presidentâ₠¬â„¢s letter are a useful insight for the investor trying to predict future performance of the organization. Similarly, a study conducted by Bryan (1997) states that the management of a company is required to disclose information about future operations through annual accounting reports of their organization, and these disclosures help investors in assessing whether the firm will make profit in future and align investment decisions accordingly. Information that profit and loss statements provide is quite limited, for example: Rogers and Grant (1997) argue that financial statements are limited to providing information regarding only one quarter of a company’s operational period. On the contrary, information provided by management gives insight into a longer period of time including past performance

Prevention of Sepsis in the Clinical Setting Research Paper

Prevention of Sepsis in the Clinical Setting - Research Paper Example Similar treatments are used for the cure of both sepsis and septicemia since both of them are normally associated with the presence of aggressive bacteria in the body system of a patient. This requires treatment using strong antibiotics to fight the infection. Patients may also be admitted in ICU for a while so as to monitor the treatment of the infection. Patients suffering from sepsis may experience multi-organ failure since the inflammation spreads and generates a cascading sequence of medical problems as the body tries to fight off the infection (Brozanski, 2003). Prevention of Sepsis There is a common term people in the medical field love to use and it goes, â€Å"Prevention is better than cure.† This is quite true since curing an infection is expensive both on the hospital and the patient. It requires a use of resources that would otherwise be used for other reasons. This therefore calls for infection control a discipline that targets the prevention of healthcare-related infections. There are a number of factors that may lead to the spread of infections in a clinical setting. The infections maybe from patient to patient, from staff to patient, from patient to staff, and from staff to staff (Dyson & Singer, January 2009). There are a number of ways of preventing sepsis, but the most common and effective way is by ensuring hand hygiene, and this is done by constant hand washing. Hand washing In the clinical setting, hand washing is commonly known as the primary weapon of fighting infections. The main reason for hand washing is to reduce microbial in the healthcare setting so as to reduce the risk of nosocomial infections. Hand hygiene may be a major problem in gigantic health facilities in which several patients are treated and in rapid succession. Infection control is meant to reduce the spread of infection and provide a safe environment for every patient (Riedeman, Guo, & Ward, 2003). This has become extremely necessary due to the emergence of anti biotic resistant organisms. Examples of antibiotic resistant microorganisms include methicilin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE). It is vital to note that there is evidence that shows that removal of antibiotic resistant organisms (AROs) from the hands by washing with detergent or soap and water is less effective than by the use of an antiseptic agent. For that reason, an antiseptic agent must be used in high risk areas within the clinic, with high risk patients especially those suffering from immune-deficient diseas

Please answer in short paragraphs Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Please answer in short paragraphs - Assignment Example Health indicators can simply be defined as quantifiable characteristics of a population that researchers use as evidence to support the description of the health of said population. What happens is the researcher will use survey methods to obtain information about certain people in the population. This will be followed by use of statistical methods to generalize information to the entire population and finally use of statistical analysis to create a statement about the health of said population. Life expectancy is an example of a common health indicator used by the government. Cleverly et al explains that one reason for the continued rise in the cost of healthcare is the rise in the cost of goods and services associated with healthcare. These include workers and equipment. Another reason faced by hospitals is the total percentage of Medicare and Medicaid admissions. This is because neither of the two programs fully reimburses the cost of care. In a bid to reduce some of these costs, the current financing options, especially those offered by the government should be revisited. Regulation should also be put in place to counter the rising cost of goods and services used in healthcare. Gaps in regulatory design have been seen. Some basic regulatory functions may fail to be assigned to a regulatory body while others may not be underwritten by law. Research in India showed that weakness in the design of regulatory methods in the above-mentioned ways is the reason why regulation has failed.

The Impact of Leader Behaviors on Group Functioning Essay

The Impact of Leader Behaviors on Group Functioning - Essay Example When a leader is chosen or appointed, the focus shifts from himself to the others making him much more focused on the external and results than the self or trying to seek comfort (Quinn, 2005). This is what makes the leader much more democratic than autocratic. When an individual becomes emotional while in the leadership position, they tend to shift their focus from others and bring it back to their own affairs. They try to seek the solution that will bring them much more comfort and hence the thought pattern is internal which comprise the characteristics of an autocratic leader. When the leader starts turning attention to him and making the solutions and decisions that bring him comfort in lieu of results, then the group members start suffering from lack of independence and participation. They lack inclusivity in decision making and this may weaken the ties of the group rather than make them